View source for Essay:How Timing Works in KeyForge

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''“The active player makes all necessary decisions for all card abilities or timing conflicts that need to resolve during their turn.”'' 

One of the most interesting aspects of KeyForge is how the multitude of abilities that various KeyForge cards provide end up resolving, and the extraordinary power the timing of these resolutions gives the Active Player. The ordering of abilities is one of the more confusing concepts for new players to grasp, and hopefully this article will help both new and experienced players a deeper perspective of how timing in KeyForge works, and how to use this to your advantage in play. 

==The Basics==
First, we’ll cover two key definitions, the first of which is simple; The active player is the player who is currently taking their turn. The second one is slightly more difficult. What exactly is a timing conflict? A timing conflict is a point [[Timing Chart|during the turn sequence at which point two or more abilities are available to resolve]]. For example, let’s say I have a [[Commander Chan]] that has been upgraded with a [[Stunner]], as well as [[Uncharted Lands]] in play. If I’m the active player, and I use Commander Chan to reap, there are three '''Reap:''' abilities that are available to resolve:
*'''Reap:''' Use another friendly creature  (from Commander Chan)
*'''Reap:''' You may stun a creature  (from Stunner)
*'''Reap:''' Move 1 Æmber from Uncharted Lands to your pool (from Uncharted Lands)

In this case, since I’m the active player, I choose to resolve the Æmber move first, then I stun an enemy creature, then lastly I use another friendly creature. The important thing is that each of these abilities is resolved one at a time, and each ability resolves completely before moving on to the next ability to resolve.

==Diving Deeper==
It’s relatively obvious that Bold text abilities all happen in the same timing window, but it’s important to remember that timing conflicts can happen at [[Timing Chart|any point in the turn sequence]], and they must be resolved before proceeding to the next step. Say for example, my opponent has [[General Order 24]] in play, and I have only [[Director of Z.Y.X.]] in my battleline.  Both my opponent’s artifact and my creature share a timing window:
*At the start of each player’s turn, they must choose a creature they control and destroy each creature of the chosen creature’s house.  (From General Order 24)
*At the start of your turn, archive the top card of your deck.(from Director of Z.Y.X.)

In this case it’s almost always advantageous to resolve the ability from Director of Z.Y.X. first, so I choose to do that, and then destroy Director Z.Y.X. using the ability of General Order 24.

Another interesting way to use Timing to your advantage is illustrated through the example of [[Nexus]] and [[Spectral Tunneler]]. As you move through the turn sequence, it’s possible for abilities to be gained in such a way that they can be resolved within the current window of the turn sequence.

*'''Reap:''' Use an enemy artifact as if it were yours. (from Nexus)
*'''Action:''' Choose a creature. For the remainder of the turn, that creature is considered a flank creature and gains, “'''Reap:''' Draw a card.” (From Spectral Tunneler)

In this example, Nexus reaps, and the game proceeds to the [[Timing_Chart#Use_a_Creature_to_Reap.|“After a creature reaps” window of the Timing Chart]].</br>
Nexus’ '''Reap:''' ability resolves, allowing the active player to use Spectral Tunneler [[as if it were yours|as if it were theirs]].</br>
The active player chooses to resolve Spectral Tunneler’s '''Action:''' ability to make Nexus a flank creature and to give it the “''''Reap:''' Draw a card.” ability.</br>
Since in the turn sequence, the active player is still in the “After a creature reaps” window, that freshly gained '''Reap:''' ability can be resolved, and the active player draws a card.

==Where Things Get Weird==
One of the most difficult concepts in KeyForge is how [[Destroyed|destruction and '''Destroyed:''']] abilities work, and a lot of this is due to how timing works in KeyForge. To reiterate from above, abilities resolve one at a time in the order of the active player’s choosing. The other important thing to remember is that according to the definition of [[ability]], “Abilities on a creature, artifact, or upgrade are only active (and can only be triggered) while that card is in play, unless the ability explicitly references being used from an out-of-play area.” The impact that second definition can have on resolving '''Destroyed:''' abilities is massive, and is where the active player can make some crucial choices in ordering. 

We’ll start with a simple example: My opponent’s [[Dust Imp]] that has been upgraded with [[Biomatrix Backup]]. Walking this through step by step.
#The Dust Imp is dealt 2 damage.
#The Dust Imp’s damage is equal to or greater than its power, so it is tagged for destruction. 
#The Dust Imp has 2 '''Destroyed:''' abilities
##'''Destroyed:''' Gain 2. (From Dust Imp)
##'''Destroyed:''' Put this creature into its owner’s archives. (From Biomatrix Backup)
#As the active player and not wanting my opponent to gain 2 Æmber, I resolve the ability granted by Biomatrix Backup first, putting the Dust Imp into its owner’s archives. 
#As there are no further '''Destroyed:''' abilities in play to resolve, play proceeds. 

Note that at step 4 above, the active player could have chosen to resolve Dust Imp’s ability first (gaining 2 Æmber), then resolved the Biomatrix Backup to put the Dust Imp into the archives. 

Applying the example of what happened with Spectral Tunneler and Nexus, if a '''Destroyed:''' ability results in more creatures being tagged for destruction, there is the possibility that more '''Destroyed:''' abilities will be able to be resolved, as noted in this example from the rulebook (edited for clarity):
#Marcus has a [[Groggins]] with a [[Phoenix Heart]] in play. His opponent, Janelle, has a [[Dust Imp]] with a [[Soulkeeper]], a [[Drumble]], and a [[Shaffles]] in play. 
#Marcus attacks Dust Imp with Groggins, causing Dust Imp to be tagged for destruction, meaning Dust Imp’s '''Destroyed:''' ability and the '''Destroyed:''' ability that Soulkeeper grants are available to be resolved.  
#Marcus chooses to resolve Dust Imp’s ability first, letting his opponent gain the 2 Æmber.
#Marcus then resolves the '''Destroyed:''' ability granted by Soulkeeper to destroy Marcus’s most powerful creature— Groggins. 
#Groggins is tagged for destruction, and the '''Destroyed:''' ability granted by the Phoenix Heart can be resolved, returning Groggins to Marcus’s hand and dealing 3 damage to each other creature. 
#This damage then tags Drumble and Shaffles for destruction. 
#Finally, with no other '''Destroyed:''' abilities left to resolve all the creatures still in play and tagged for destruction (Dust Imp, Drumble, and Shaffles) are placed in their owner’s discard pile in the order of the active player (Marcus’s) choice.

After the initial destruction, other '''Destroyed:''' abilities became available to resolve, and only once all of the '''Destroyed:''' abilities were resolved would things move to the discard pile.

==Wrapping Up and Best Practices==
Timing in KeyForge creates a great deal of flexibility, allowing the active player to make powerful, game-impacting decisions. As you play through your turn, focus on where you are in the [[Timing Chart|turn sequence]], what abilities are available to be resolved, and how you can best order the resolution of those abilities to your favor. 

===About===
Blinkingline is a contributor to Archon Arcana and can often be found answering rules questions, judging tournaments, or drinking whiskey. Feel free to reach out to him on the [https://discord.gg/JQC99Fm Archon Arcana Discord].